Passive Pronoun 被動式代名詞 (1)
相信任何語言都有著代名詞,就像中文的 我、你、她… 一樣。在這方面英文與中文的最大分別就是:英文的代名詞裏主動式和被動式有著不同的一套。
在被動情況下,I 便轉成 me,we 便轉成 us,he便轉成 him,she便轉成 her,they便轉成 them。但you 和 it 都不變。
例子:
· Nobody thanks me for the hard work I put in.
(中):沒有人多謝我的辛勞。
· The dog barked the whole night and kept us awake.
(中):那條狗整晚吠叫,使我們睡不著。
· The teacher told her to work hard.
(中):老師叫她努力工作。
· The boss rewarded them after they completed their task.
(中):在他們完成任務後,老闆獎賞了他們。
· We will never let you walk out of this room.
(中):我們永不會准你步出這房間。
· Spring has come to the pasture and turned it lush and green.
(中):春天來到草原使它變得茂盛及青蔥的。
這裏要留意的是:在前置詞 (Preposition) 後面的代名詞也作是被動式。 我們在第七課曾經介紹了前置詞,它們是in, into, on, at, over, above, across, through, of, along, down, near, up, around…等 字。這些字後面的代名詞也列入被動式。
例子:
· There is not an ounce of craftiness in me.
(中):我心中沒存半點狡詐。
· A big leopard jumped over him.
(中):一只大豹跳過他上空。
· As the workers walked past, the boxes fell on top of them.
(中):當工人們走過時那些盒子掉落在他們之上。
· Aiming at the target, the archer fired his arrow at it.
(中):弓箭手瞄準箭靶向它發射。
· A third person has come between me and her.
(中):有一第三者介入我和她之間。